Giardiasis is a zoonotic disease
that affects at least 280 million people worldwide each year. It is one of the
main causes of nonviral diarrhoea in industrialized countries and it is
associated with additional digestive disorders in children and adults including
abdominal pain, nausea. Giardiasis can develop into a chronic condition, anddisease can be aggravated in immunocompromised hosts. Infection with the
causative intestinal protozoa Giardia intestinalis is commonly associated with
unsafe drinking water, poor hygiene and sanitation, poverty and warm climate. Correspondingly,
the prevalence of G. intestinalis is estimated at 2-7% in developed
countries and up to 20-30% in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Owing
to their common faecal-oral mode of transmission G. intestinalis is
often found in coinfection with other intestinal protozoa.
Studies among school-aged
children across Africa are scarce; however, those available reports a G. intestinalis
prevalence’s of 16% in urban and 24% in rural areas of Morocco and 11.7% in a
rural setting in southern Ethiopia. From Côte D'Ivoire a 17.3% and 13.9%
prevalence was demonstrated in the Man area and the region of Agboville,
respectively. G.
intestinalis prevalence in school children in Burkina Faso is
currently described by several smaller studies reporting on local numbers,
while the national prevalence unknown. One such study, conducted in 2014, has
shown G.
intestinalis prevalence’s of 13.3%, 12.5% and 9.8% among children
aged 6-15 years from three different schools of the Central region. Another
setting revealed a prevalence of 43.7% in patients aged 5 months to 72 years
suffering from gastroenteritis visiting the Saint Camille Hospital of
Ouagadougou. A retrospective study of parasitological aetiology assessments of
gastroenteritis patients from the same hospital showed an infection rate of
24.8%.(Read more)
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